Abstract
The ability to pattern functional moieties with well-defined architectures is highly important in material science, nanotechnology and bioengineering. Although two-dimensional surfaces can serve as attractive platforms, direct patterning them in solution with regular arrays remains a major challenge. Here we develop a versatile route to pattern two-dimensional free-standing surfaces in a controlled manner assisted by monomicelle close-packing assembly of block copolymers, which is unambiguously revealed by direct visual observation. This strategy allows for bottom-up patterning of polypyrrole and polyaniline with adjustable mesopores on various functional free-standing surfaces, including two-dimensional graphene, molybdenum sulfide, titania nanosheets and even on one-dimensional carbon nanotubes. As exemplified by graphene oxide-based mesoporous polypyrrole nanosheets, the unique sandwich structure with adjustable pore sizes (5–20 nm) and thickness (35–45 nm) as well as enlarged specific surface area (85 m2 g−1) provides excellent specific capacitance and rate performance for supercapacitors. Therefore, this approach will shed light on developing solution-based soft patterning of given interfaces towards bespoke functions.
Highlights
The ability to pattern functional moieties with well-defined architectures is highly important in material science, nanotechnology and bioengineering
We design a universal strategy for solution-based patterning of mesoporous conducting polymers with controlled pore sizes that is assisted by monomicelle close-packing assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) on free-standing 2D surfaces
Amphiphilic BCPs of PS-b-PEO with different lengths of hydrophobic PS blocks are selected as directing templates
Summary
The ability to pattern functional moieties with well-defined architectures is highly important in material science, nanotechnology and bioengineering. As exemplified by graphene oxide-based mesoporous polypyrrole nanosheets, the unique sandwich structure with adjustable pore sizes (5–20 nm) and thickness (35–45 nm) as well as enlarged specific surface area (85 m2 g À 1) provides excellent specific capacitance and rate performance for supercapacitors This approach will shed light on developing solution-based soft patterning of given interfaces towards bespoke functions. This approach can be further expanded for fabrication of mesoporous large-pore conducting polymers on other functional surfaces, including 2D electrochemically exfoliated graphene (EG), MoS2 and titania nanosheets as well as on one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) These ultrathin sandwich structures with open and regular pores have unique properties for energy storage, as exemplified by supercapacitor electrodes. Our strategy will pave the way to controlled bottom-up construction of mesoporous 2D hybrid materials for various technological applications
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