Abstract
This chapter explores the patterning proteins and cells using soft lithography. This review describes the pattering of proteins and cells using a nonphotolithographic microfabrication technology, which is known as “soft lithography” because it consists of a set of related techniques, each of which uses stamps or channels fabricated in an elastomeric (“soft”) material for pattern transfer. The review covers three soft lithographic techniques: microcontact printing, patterning using microfluidic channels, and laminar flow patterning. These soft lithographic techniques are inexpensive, are procedurally simple, and can be used to pattern a variety of planar and nonplanar substrates. Their successful application does not require stringent regulation of the laboratory environment, and can be used to pattern surfaces with delicate ligands. They provide control over both the surface chemistry and the cellular environment. The chapter discusses both the procedures for patterning based on these soft lithographic techniques, and their applications in biosensor technology, in tissue engineering, and for fundamental studies in cell biology.
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