Pattern of Various Male Breast Diseases in a Tertiary Care Centre of Aurangabad District, Maharashtra, India- A Prospective Interventional Study

Abstract

Introduction: A small percentage of men are affected by breast diseases and awareness of male breast disease is less and presentation is often delayed due to embarrassment. The most common presentation is gynaecomastia, where cosmetic correction is sought. Over the last two decades the rate of male breast complaints increased from 0.8% to 2.4%, while 1% of all breast cancer occur in males. Aim: To study the pattern of various male breast diseases in a tertiary care centre of Aurangabad District in Maharashtra, India. Materials and Methods: This prospective clinical interventional study was carried out in 44 male patients above age of 12 years coming with complaints related to breast to Department of General Surgery of Government Medical College, Aurangabad from 1st August 2017 to 31st July 2019. Detailed history was taken and any underlying causative disease/risk factor or medication if any was noted. Thorough clinical examination and laboratory investigations were done. Ultra-sonography of breast was done in all patients. Mammography was done in three patients who were having clinical suspicion of malignancy. Continuous variables were presented as mean, Standard Deviation (SD) or median if the data is unevenly distributed. Categorical variables are expressed as absolute numbers and percentages. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0. Results: The youngest patient was 12 years old and eldest was 85 years old. In the present study, 38 benign and 6 malignant male breast diseases were diagnosed. Out of total, 33 had gynaecomastia, 2 had breast abscess, 5 Infiltrating duct carcinoma and 1 each of mastitis, eczema of nipple, sebaceous cyst of areola and primary breast sarcoma. Out of 44 patients, 12 patients underwent surgery for benign and malignant breast diseases, 24 patients of gynaecomastia were managed by reassurance, 5 males with infiltrating ductal carcinoma were managed by modified radical mastectomy and 3 patients by medical therapy. Conclusion: It was concluded that benign male breast diseases were more common and ultrasound together with mammography should be used to differentiate characteristics of benign and malignant male breast lesions.