Pattern of TAAR5 Expression in the Human Brain Based on Transcriptome Datasets Analysis.

Anastasia N Vaganova,Nataliia V Katolikova,Andrey D Prjibelski,Ramilya Z Murtazina,Taisiia S Shemyakova,Raul R Gainetdinov

doi:10.3390/ijms22168802

Anastasia N Vaganova, Nataliia V Katolikova + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168802

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Abstract

Trace amine-associated receptors (TAAR) recognize organic compounds, including primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. The TAAR5 receptor is known to be involved in the olfactory sensing of innate socially relevant odors encoded by volatile amines. However, emerging data point to the involvement of TAAR5 in brain functions, particularly in the emotional behaviors mediated by the limbic system which suggests its potential contribution to the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases. TAAR5 expression was explored in datasets available in the Gene Expression Omnibus, Allen Brain Atlas, and Human Protein Atlas databases. Transcriptomic data demonstrate ubiquitous low TAAR5 expression in the cortical and limbic brain areas, the amygdala and the hippocampus, the nucleus accumbens, the thalamus, the hypothalamus, the basal ganglia, the cerebellum, the substantia nigra, and the white matter. Altered TAAR5 expression is identified in Down syndrome, major depressive disorder, or HIV-associated encephalitis. Taken together, these data indicate that TAAR5 in humans is expressed not only in the olfactory system but also in certain brain structures, including the limbic regions receiving olfactory input and involved in critical brain functions. Thus, TAAR5 can potentially be involved in the pathogenesis of brain disorders and represents a valuable novel target for neuropsychopharmacology.

Highlights

Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activated by the range of biogenic amines, with the majority of them (TAAR2–TAAR9)believed to be a class of olfactory receptors involved in sensing innate attractive and aversive odors [1,2,3]
The twenty-one of Affymetrix microarray-generated datasets listed in the Supplementary Table S1 and ten RNAseq-generated datasets listed in the Supplementary Table S2 represent TAAR5 expression in human neocortical structures
When the TAAR5 receptor was first reported as the ventromedial the amygdala

Summary

Introduction

Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activated by the range of biogenic amines, with the majority of them (TAAR2–TAAR9)believed to be a class of olfactory receptors involved in sensing innate attractive and aversive odors [1,2,3]. 14 of the 15 TAARs (except TAAR1) are expressed in the main olfactory epithelium and project to the olfactory bulb glomeruli, which express the appropriate TAAR receptor. There is recent evidence from the knockout mouse model that at least one member of this family, TAAR5, is expressed in the limbic areas of the brain receiving projection from the olfactory system and involved in the regulation of monoamine transmission, emotional behaviors, and adult neurogenesis [5,6]. Appreciation of the olfactory function of TAAR2–TAAR9 took place significantly later [1] and the study of the human olfactory epithelium revealed that the TAAR5 receptor is the most highly expressed TAAR receptor in this tissue [8]

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