Pattern of Renal Diseases in Children Presented to King Abdulaziz University Hospital

Abstract

The pattern of renal diseases in children presented to the tertiary pediatric nephrology center at King Abdulaziz University Hospital was reviewed respectively over the period of 8 years (20052012). A total of 850 children were seen. Male: female ratio is 2:1. Median (range) age at presentation was 9 (0.01-16) years. Fifty-five percent were Saudi and 45% were from various nationalities. Underlying etiology was congenital or inherited disease in 55.5% of the children. Glomerular diseases were the most common in acquired causes while obstructive uropathy was the most common in congenital causes. Non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder was the most common underlying diagnosis of children with urological abnormalities (28%), followed by posterior urethral valve (26%). Nephrotic syndrome was the most common of glomerular diseases with 31% with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome. Renal impairment was present in 315 children with low glomerular filtration rate; chronic kidney disease stage 2 in 88, stage 3 in 84, stage 4 in 35 and stage 5 in 108. In conclusion, childhood congenital or inherited renal diseases were the majority. Non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder was the most common urological abnormality and nephrotic syndrome was the most common glomerular disease with high percentage of steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome. A considerable percentage presented with advanced chronic kidney disease.