Pattern of protein retention in growing boars of different breeds, and estimation of maximum protein retention

Abstract

Protein and energy metabolism in boars of different breeds, 10 each of Hampshire, Duroc and Danish Landrace was measured in balance and respiration experiments by means of indirect calorimetry in an open‐air circulation system. Measurements were performed in four periods (Period I‐IV) covering the body weight range from 25 to 100 kg. In order to achieve maximum protein retention (RP) a daily intake of digestible protein > 12 g/kg0.75 and metabolisable energy > 1100 kJ/kg0.75 was assumed to be necessary. Protein retention of Danish Landrace boars was inferior to that of Hampshire and Duroc boars in Periods III and IV, and therefore, 55 measurements on Hampshire and Duroc boars fulfilling the chosen criteria for digested protein and ME intake were used for calculation of maximum protein retention, giving the following significant quadratic relationship: RP [g/d]= 11.43‐W0.75‐0.144‐W1.50(n = 55, RSD = 15.2, CV = 9.2%, R2 = 0.851) with a summit of 227 g/d at 135 kg BW. In Period I, when BW was below 30 kg, 12 measurements fulfilled the chosen criterion for digested protein but not for ME, and these data were used comparatively. Protein retention of boars with a low ME intake in Period I was significantly below that of boars with a high ME intake (93 g/d vs. 107 g/d; P = 0.02). In summary, the present data have shown that boars of high genetic potential have capacity for maximum protein retention of about 230 g/d, and that there was a significant quadratic relationship between protein retention and metabolic body weight, indicating that maximum protein retention was not reached until 135 kg BW. Differences in capacity for protein retention were recorded between boars of different breeds, with Duroc and Hampshire boars being superior to Danish Landrace boars. Additionally, the crucial importance of a sufficient ME supply early in the growth period was underscored by a lower protein accretion rate of boars given a daily ME supply below 1100 kJ ME/kg0.75 at an approximate BW of 25 kg.