Abstract
Pediatric dermatoses are one of the most common presentations in a dermatology clinic and reflect the health and hygiene status of children. The incidence and severity of these skin lesions are influenced by geographical area, seasonal and cultural factors, and socioeconomic status. This study was done to show the prevalence of different pediatric dermatoses in a tertiary care hospital of Western Nepal. Chart reviews of children aged one day to 17 years, presenting to Universal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal, from 1 September 2014 to 30 august 2015, were done. Descriptive analysis and two-sided chi-square test were done. Among 23992 patients visiting the dermatology outpatient department (OPD), 5398 (22.5%) were of pediatric age groups (male/female: 1.2/1); most of them belonged to young teens and teenagers (n = 3308; 61.3%). Three most common dermatoses were fungal infections (18.5%), eczema (14.4%), and acne (10.1%). Fungal infections (n = 653; 65.4%) and acne (n = 284; 51.9%) were common in males, whereas eczema (n = 402; 51.7%) was more common in females. Fungal infection (P < 0.001), eczema (P < 0.001), pigmentation disorders (P < 0.001), and acne (P < 0.01) were significantly more during summer, while scabies was more in winter (P < 0.001). Dermatophytosis, pyoderma, and warts comprised frequently occurring fungal, bacterial, and viral infections, respectively.
Highlights
Pediatric dermatology is an important branch of dermatology that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of skin diseases occurring in infancy, childhood, and adolescence [1]
Dealing with a child with skin disorders requires special skills as they differ in clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis when compared with adult dermatosis [3]
This was a retrospective study conducted in department of dermatology at Universal College of Medical SciencesTeaching Hospital (UCMS-TH), a tertiary care referral hospital situated in Rupandehi District of western region of Nepal
Summary
Pediatric dermatology is an important branch of dermatology that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of skin diseases occurring in infancy, childhood, and adolescence [1]. Skin diseases are common in children, the incidence being 9–37% all over the world with almost 13.4% in Nepal [2, 3]. Dealing with a child with skin disorders requires special skills as they differ in clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis when compared with adult dermatosis [3]. Studies of pediatric population suffering from skin diseases can play an important role in public health and policy making [5]. Many factors like geographical area, climate, season, and socioeconomic status influence the pattern of skin diseases in children. Various studies conducted in different parts of the world shows different patterns of skin diseases in children
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