Abstract
Severe orbito-ocular morbidities occur in eye injuries and the causes of these injuries vary with communities. The final outcome of orbito-ocular morbidities depends on early hospital intervention. The aim of the study therefore was to carry out a demographical analysis of orbito-ocular traumas at the Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi. This was a retro-prospective study. Folders and radiographic images of eye injury patients in the accident and emergency department of the Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH) between 2013 and 2015 were assessed. Data was analysed and results presented in tables and pictorial form. It was noted in the study that the mean age±SD of patients was 29.3 17.4 years. Males were mostly affected (80%) and students topped the list (32.5%). Road traffic accident (RTA) was the major cause of orbito-ocular injury (47.5%) and the major orbito-ocular morbidity was blunt or closed ocular injury (37%). We therefore recommended improved surveillance, adequate road safety measures and increased awareness on the need for early ophthalmologic intervention in order to mitigate the incidence.
Highlights
Severe orbito-ocular morbidities occur in eye injuries and the causes of these injuries vary with communities
The Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System (BETTS) classification is universally accepted to classify the mechanical eye trauma cases.[2, 3] and defines the various tissues in the eyeball involved in mechanical eye injury.[5]
Causes of orbito-ocular trauma ranges from road traffic accidents (RTA), Industrial accidents, occupational hazards, domestic violence/accidents, and wars among others.[6]
Summary
This is a 4-year retrospective study of all eye injury patients that presented to the accident and emergency department of BSUTH between 2013 and 2016. The patient’s folders and their corresponding radiological images acquired at presentation were analysed with respect to age, sex and occupation. Cause(s) of injury, type of orbito-ocular morbidity based on. BETT’s classification, the time interval at presentation, visual acuity pre and immediate post intervention, and the type of intervention carried out were assessed. Data was analysed for various variables using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16(SPSS, Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA) and Microsoft excel and the results were presented in tables and pictorial form. The level of statistical significance was set at p0.05. Consent was sought and obtained from the Hospital Research Ethical Committee
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