Pattern of Ocular B-Mode Sonographic Findings in Diabetic Ophthalmopathy in Zaria, Nigeria

Abstract

Objectives: This study was aimed at using B-Mode ultrasonography to evaluate the various changes in the eyes of diabetic patients. Methods: The study was conducted with DC 6 Mindray ultrasound machine within a period of six months at the Radiology Department of ABUTH, Zaria. 200 established diabetic patients with ocular complications aged 15 to 70 years were recruited for the study as case group and 200 established diabetic patients without ocular complication as control group. Results: A total of 800 eyes of 400 patients were involved in this study; 200 diabetic patients with ocular complications as case group and equal number of diabetic patients without ocular complications as a control group. The age range of the patients was 15-70 years (54.16 ± 12.0). 164 were males and 236 were females. Out of the 200 cases studied, vitreous haemorrhage was the commonest finding 195(97.5%), followed by cataract 54(27%), Posterior vitreous detachment 28(14%), Retinal detachment 7(3.5%), optic nerve drusen 6(3%), Vitreous liquefaction 5(2.5%), Epiretinal fibrosis 3(1.5%), Asteroid hyalosis 3(1.5%), and intraocular infection 1(0.5%). In the control group however, 27 (13.5%) had vitreous haemorrhage while the remaining 173 (86.5%) showed normal sonographic findings. Sonographic Findings in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control (p?0.05). Conclusion: The utility of ultrasonography in the detection of ocular complications in diabetic patients is reechoed in this study, and diabetic patients should benefit from this safe radiological evaluation as that will aid early detection of the aforementioned complications.