Pattern of microbial flora and antibiotic sensitivity among healthy adults with bacteriuria in a university community in south-eastern Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Knowledge of common urine microbial flora and the sensitivity pattern are essential in determination of empirical antibiotic usage Aim: To determine the common microbiological flora in the urine of apparently healthy adults and the sensitivity and resistivity pattern. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional survey of the pattern of urinary microbial organisms and their sensitivity and resistivity antibiotic pattern among adult population in a university community. Multi staged random sampling was used to obtain up to 465 respondents. Clean catch mid-stream urine samples were collected and prepared. Culture was done in three different media for identification and isolation of bacteria. The antimicrobial sensitivity was determined using sensitivity disk by Kirby-Bauer method. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 at 95% confidence interval and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Data was presented in frequencies and percentages as appropriate. Results: Female respondents (76.97%) were more. 20-24 age group had the highest number of respondents (50.66%). 36.29% had bacteria growth in their urine. Escherichia coli (63.6%) is the commonest microbial agent found in the urine of the population, followed by staph aureus (20%), then Klebsiella (16.4%). The isolated organisms were mostly resistant to the common antibiotics. However, E. coli was slightly susceptible to Levofloxacine (37.1%), Ciprofloxacine (31.4%) and Gentamycin (30%). Klebsiella showed mild susceptibility to Levofloxacine (15%), Ciprofloxacine (12%) and Ceftriazone (9%). Conclusion: E.coli, staph aureus and Klebsiella are the dominant microbial flora found while levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriazone and augmentin are the most sensitive antibiotics.