Abstract
Introduction: Maxillofacial injuries are less frequent in children than adults and are more often minimally displaced. Literature reveals that the incidence of maxillofacial injuries accounts for 1% - 14.7% in children below age 16 years. There is lack of information on epidemiological data for pediatric maxillofacial injury from Nepal.
 Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the pattern of maxillofacial injuries in the pediatric population who had been treated in one of the tertiary level hospitals in western Nepal.
 Methodology: Among 303 cases of maxillofacial trauma registered between March 2017 to February 2019 at UCMS College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal; 57 cases of pediatric maxillofacial injuries that were admitted and received treatment were enrolled in the study. Parameters recorded were demographic data, mode of injury, the pattern of maxillofacial injuries and treatment provided.
 Results: Majority of patients were males (66.67%) among which 51% were adolescents (12-16 years). The mode of injury was road traffic accidents (77.2%) in most cases. Mandibular fractures were commonly seen in which parasymphysis region (40%) was common anatomic site. Most of the injured patients (45.6%) were managed with open reduction and internal fixation. Post-operative results were uneventful.
 Conclusion: The road traffic accident was the predominant mode for injury. Mandible is one of the most commonly involved bones to get a fracture. Good traffic sense needs to be imbibed and developed by the government as well as the public to prevent road traffic accidents. In addition, children need to carry out their outdoor activities under adult supervision.
Highlights
Trauma is defined as a bodily injury resul ng from external force and is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric popula on
Among 303 cases of maxillofacial trauma registered from March 2017 to February 2019 at Universal College of Medical Sciences, College of Dental Surgery, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal; 57 cases of pediatric maxillofacial injuries that were admi ed and received treatment were enrolled in the study
Pediatric maxillofacial injuries were seen in 18.8 % (57 cases out 303 cases)
Summary
Trauma is defined as a bodily injury resul ng from external force and is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric popula on. Maxillofacial injuries in children occur less frequently than adults and are more o en minimally displaced which is due to dense adipose ssue layer that covers the more elas c bones and the suture lines are more flexible.1,2Also, the prominence of the buccal fat pad disperses the impact over a wider region, more force is required to fracture the bone in a child compared to adults.[1]. There are significant differences between adults and children in anatomic, physiologic and psychologic development, so do the consequences of trauma differ, but the management techniques should be modified to address the child's stage of anatomic, physiologic, or psychologic development. The literature indicates that as the age of pa ents increases, the pa erns of fractures progressively resemble that of adult pa ents.[2,4]
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