Pattern of Maxillo-Facial Fractures and Their Management in Iraqi Kurdistan Province

Abstract

Forty three in-patients with Maxillo-facial fractures admitted to Rizgaree hospital in Arbil in the period from May 2007 to April 2008. Thirty seven males were affected and only 6 females were involved with a ratio of male: female ratio of 6.2 : 1.65 % of the patients belonged to 16 – 35 years age group .People with small businesses were the mostly affected group 39.5% . They mostly attended between June and August and on Saturday and Sundays and Wed8) Maxillofacial fractures sites related to gunshots.Figure 8 show the distribution of site of Maxillofacial fractures resulting from gunshots. There were only 4 patients involved in gunshots Maxillofacial fractures all of them were males . There were 10 fractures.Maxilla was mostly involved (40%) followed by zygoma (20%) and body of mandible (20%). One of the victims have lost a right eye .Fighting or assaults –involved only 2 patients, both were male and they had 2 zygomatic fractures on the left side..The most common cause of facial injures were falls and road traffic accidents followed by gunshots and fighting .The most common site of facial fractures in road accidents and assaults were left zygoma and maxilla (> 65 %) while with falls they were nearly equal ( 37.7 % and 31.1%) .Most of the cases were treated conservatively, and most of the surgical intervention was localized in zygomas with Gillies approach as the most common surgery (24.2%) performed.Occiptomented view was the most common X-ray taken (34.4%) because the majority of trauma was localized in the middle third.