Pattern of Endoscopic Esophageal Findings in Relation to Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Histopathology: A Single Center Experience

Abstract

Background: Dyspepsia is a common complain among people suffering from gastrointestinal diseases. Few researches investigated the underlying causes in detail. H. Pylori is considered a major finding in patients with dyspepsia and diagnosed with gastrointestinal diseases. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of Endoscopic Esophageal lesion in Relation to H. Pylori infection and histopathological features of esophageal and gastric mucosal biopsies in dyspeptic patients eligible for upper GIT Endoscopy. Patients and Methods: all the patients presented with dyspeptic symptoms and were eligible for upper GIT endoscopy during the period from January 2016 to January 2019were included (n=60). Using endoscopy, gastric biopsies were taken for H. Pylori examination and esophageal lesions biopsies were taken for histopathological examination (n=120 specimens). Results: the prevalence of H. pylori among patients with dyspepsia was 81.7%. The most common endoscopic esophageal pattern with H. pylori was erythema and abnormal vascular pattern (67.3%). Reflux esophagitis was the most common Histopathological finding in H. Pylori positive patients (57.1%). Chronic non-specific esophagitis was higher in H. Pylori negative (9.1%) compared with H. Pylori positive (8.2%). Adenocarcinoma was found in 16.3% of H. Pylori positive patients, however, squamous cell carcinoma was more in H. Pylori negative (27.3%) than H. Pylori positive (6.1%). Conclusion: The majority of patient with dyspepsia has H. Pylori infection. Risk factors for malignant esophageal lesions are old age, male gender, smoking and H. pylori infection