Pattern of Bacterial Profile and Drug Resistance of Pathogens Isolated from Wounds Infection at A Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Abstract

Background: Wounds can occur accidently or after surgery for wide variety of reasons. The exposed subcutaneous tissue is a favorable home for optimal growth of many microorganisms. Because of injudicious use of antimicrobials, getting medication without proper prescriptions there is rapid emergence of resistance to many important antimicrobials. This study was carried out to outline bacterial profile and antimicrobial drug resistance in our hospital. Materials and Methods: All wound swabs received in microbiology laboratory were considered. These wound swabs were inoculated on blood agar in case of Gram positive bacteria and MacConkey agar for Gram negative bacteria. Series of biochemical tests were done for gram-negative and gram-positive bacterias. Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) was performed for all isolates. Results: A total of 496 patients with wound infection were included in this study. Out of 496 samples 387 (78.3%) were culture positive while 109 (21.97%) showed no growth. Out of 387 positive samples 121 (31.26%) were gram positive while rest 266 (68.73%) were gram negative. S. aureus (72) is mostly resistant to erythromycin 69 (95.8%), levofloxacin 449 (61.1%) and cefoxitin 44 (61.1%), but is susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid and amoxicillin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (86) showed the highest resistance to cefoperazone/ sulbactam (100%) and amikacin 80 (93.02%), while as ceftriaxone and ampicillin sulbactam were most effective antibiotics with resistance rates of 2.3% and 4.6% respectively. E. coli showed highest resistance to cotrimoxazole 27 (79.4%) followed by ampicillinsulbactam 25 (74%). Conclusions: Antimicrobial resistance is also a serious concern in our hospital similar to other health care institutions in our country and worldwide.