PATTERN OF BACTERIA AND ITS ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY IN SEPSIS PATIENTS

Abstract

Sepsis is a serious health problem because of high a risk of death. The use of prophylactic antibiotics has become standard procedure for the treatment of sepsis. Nevertheless, if the pattern of bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity is still not known, resistance to other bacteria will increase, leading to increased rates of infections. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the pattern of bacteria and their sensitivity to antibiotics in patients with sepsis in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar from January 2009 to December 2010. The research method used was an observational method with cross-sectional design. First, data were collected from the results of their culture and their sensitivity to antibiotics written in the medical records of those patients with sepsis in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar from January 2009 to December 2010. Second, the data collected were analyzed using statistical methods of frequency distribution. The results show that the sepsis patients were mostly above 40 years. Moreover, infections occurred were mostly caused by Gram negative bacteria (90.48%). The most bacteria found in sequence were Alkaligenes faecalis (30.16%), Escherichia coli (12.70%), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (12.70%) and Staphylococcus aureus (7.94%). Next, sensitivity test was conducted on 39 kinds of antimicrobials, 12 of which had high resistance percentage (above 75%). Those bacteria were mostly sensitive to Nitrofurantoin (83.33%). Thus, it can be concluded that the majority of bacteria found in sepsis are Alkaligenes faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter calcoaciticus. Those bacteria are still sensitive to Nitrofurantoins. Consequently, it is advisable to do research on pattern of bacteria and their sensitivity to antibiotics regularly.