Pattern of Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors induced adverse drug reactions in South Indian teaching hospital.

Abstract

Background:Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occur frequently with cardiovascular drugs leading to change in therapy, increasing morbidity, and mortality.Aim:The study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of ADRs due to angiotensin-converting enzyme Inhibitors in cardiology department.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional observational study was carried out for a period of 6 months. The data were assessed for the pattern of the ADRs with respect to patient demographics, nature of the reaction, outcome of the reactions, causality, severity, and preventability.Results:Among 692 patients, 51 (7.36%) had developed 60 ADRs, and majority of cases (56.66%) were in the age group of >61 years and most of them were developed in female (80%). The common ADRs observed were cough, hypotension, hyperkalemia, and acute renal failure. In 21.66% cases the dose of the suspected drug was altered and in 78.33% cases the drug was withdrawn. Considering the outcome, 93.33% of cases recovered from ADRs, whereas in 6.66% cases were continuing. Causality assessment showed that majority of ADRs was probable and were found to be moderately severe.Conclusion:Our study concludes geriatrics and female patients have higher incidence of ADRs. So early identification and management of ADRs are essential for this population.