Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that higher than two-body bath-impurity correlations are not important for quantitatively describing the ground state of the Bose polaron. Motivated by the above, we employ the so-called Gross Ansatz (GA) approach to unravel the stationary and dynamical properties of the homogeneous one-dimensional Bose-polaron for different impurity momenta and bath-impurity couplings. We explicate that the character of the equilibrium state crossovers from the quasi-particle Bose polaron regime to the collective-excitation stationary dark-bright soliton for varying impurity momentum and interactions. Following an interspecies interaction quench the temporal orthogonality catastrophe is identified, provided that bath-impurity interactions are sufficiently stronger than the intraspecies bath ones, thus generalizing the results of the confined case. This catastrophe originates from the formation of dispersive shock wave structures associated with the zero-range character of the bath-impurity potential. For initially moving impurities, a momentum transfer process from the impurity to the dispersive shock waves via the exerted drag force is demonstrated, resulting in a final polaronic state with reduced velocity. Our results clearly demonstrate the crucial role of non-linear excitations for determining the behavior of the one-dimensional Bose polaron.
Highlights
Polaronic excitations constitute an ubiquitous class of quasi-particles, incorporating important ramifications in multiple branches of physics [1]
After revisiting the ground state behavior of the Bose polaron [55–57,59], we focus on the equilibrium properties of a moving polaron, where we unveil the crossover from the polaronic to a dark-bright soliton regime
The above indicate that the energy scale of the Bose polaron is small compared to the non-interacting energy scale, h2 n20 /m B, at least when we focus on the case of a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) host in which γLL 1
Summary
Polaronic excitations constitute an ubiquitous class of quasi-particles, incorporating important ramifications in multiple branches of physics [1]. Numerous recent studies exemplified that these excitations occur in the presence of interparticle correlations [73,98–105], albeit possessing a more involved behavior than their mean-field counterparts In this context, it is crucial to answering whether such non-linear excitations contribute to the dynamics of the Bose polaron, a question which is further mandated by the similarity between the GA equations-of-motion and the Gross-Pitaevskii one. We monitor the drag force being exerted by the bosonic host to the impurity and resulting in a momentum transfer from the impurity to the emitted dispersive shock waves This process leads to the final polaronic state possessing a reduced velocity when compared to the initial one and tending to vanish for strong repulsions as a consequence of the amplification of the drag force. Appendix C outlines the ingredients of the employed computational approaches
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