Abstract
Two-layer systems heated from above with buoyancy as the driving force may show a rather paradoxical instability mechanism called anticonvection. This transition from a conductive to a convective state is determined by the interface as well as bulk properties (buoyancy forces) of the two fluids. In this paper, we derive the equations for perturbated fields from the basic hydrodynamic equations. An analytical expression for the control parameter at threshold is presented for a vertically infinitely extended system. Further on, we perform a linear stability analysis of a vertically bounded mercury–water system and compare these results with the vertically infinitely extended system. Finally, we show some three-dimensional simulations of the fully nonlinear equations and the resulting patterns for an anticonvective mercury–water system.
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