Pattern and frequency of endometrial and ovarian pathologies with adenomyosis uteri in patients who attended the tertiary care hospital among rural population of North India

Abstract

Background: Adenomyosis is myometrium uterine pathology commonly seen in peri-menopausal women who usually present with menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea. Adenomyosis uterus is diagnosed by the histopathological examination of the hysterectomy specimens. Aims: To know the clinical symptoms seen with adenomyosis and to diagnose endometrial, ovarian, and other associated pathologies in adenomyosis uteri patients. Setting and Design: Tertiary care hospital and retrospective study. Materials and Methods: Present study was performed on hysterectomy specimens between January 2008 and December 2014 in the Pathology Department of Rural Institute of Medical science and Research, Saifai, Etawah (Uttar Pradesh). Specimens were grossly examined, sectioned, and hematoxylin and eosin stain was applied. Statistical Analysis: Percentage. Result: A total of 353 patients were included. The common age group of patients with adenomyosis was 41–50 years (44.75%). Menorrhagia (70.25%) was a prime clinical symptom. Among endometrial pathologies and changes, proliferative phase was maximum (44.47%), followed by secretory phase (25.21%) and endometrial hyperplasia (12.46%). Common pathologies seen in ovary were simple serous cyst (39.58%), corpus luteal cyst (27.08%), and endometrial polyp (40.74%). Conclusion: Adenomyosis is a myometrial lesion present in 41–50 years of age group with clinical symptoms of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Proliferative phase, secretory phase, and endometrial hyperplasia were commonly seen with adenomyosis. Simple serous cyst was a common pathology seen in ovary. Endometriosis change in the ovary was also seen, confirming a strong association between adenomyosis and endometriosis. Endometrial polyp was also common.