Abstract

Chronic pain originating from the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is common. Pathophysiology is often related to biomechanical derangement affecting the SIJ or traumatic, degenerative, arthritic, and idiopathic changes of the SIJ. Diagnosis of SIJ pain is suggested by typical patterns of distribution, pain characteristics, and a combination of provocative tests, confirmed by diagnostic block of the SIJ, and differentiated from several other causes of low back pain. Multimodal therapy includes educational, physical, pharmacologic, interventional, and surgical approaches and should be individualized. The efficacy and safety of radiofrequency denervation of the sacroiliac joint have been demonstrated in randomized controlled trials. Multiple modalities of radiofrequency treatment exist, and comparative effectiveness studies are required to determine the most efficacious and cost-effective treatment modality.

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