Abstract
BackgroundAlthough Monte Carlo simulations of light propagation in full segmented three-dimensional MRI based anatomical models of the human head have been reported in many articles. To our knowledge, there is no patient-oriented simulation for individualized calibration with NIRS measurement. Thus, we offer an approach for brain modeling based on image segmentation process with in vivo MRI T1 three-dimensional image to investigate the individualized calibration for NIRS measurement with Monte Carlo simulation.MethodsIn this study, an individualized brain is modeled based on in vivo MRI 3D image as five layers structure. The behavior of photon migration was studied for this individualized brain detections based on three-dimensional time-resolved Monte Carlo algorithm. During the Monte Carlo iteration, all photon paths were traced with various source-detector separations for characterization of brain structure to provide helpful information for individualized design of NIRS system.ResultsOur results indicate that the patient-oriented simulation can provide significant characteristics on the optimal choice of source-detector separation within 3.3 cm of individualized design in this case. Significant distortions were observed around the cerebral cortex folding. The spatial sensitivity profile penetrated deeper to the brain in the case of expanded CSF. This finding suggests that the optical method may provide not only functional signal from brain activation but also structural information of brain atrophy with the expanded CSF layer. The proposed modeling method also provides multi-wavelength for NIRS simulation to approach the practical NIRS measurement.ConclusionsIn this study, the three-dimensional time-resolved brain modeling method approaches the realistic human brain that provides useful information for NIRS systematic design and calibration for individualized case with prior MRI data.
Highlights
Monte Carlo simulations of light propagation in full segmented three-dimensional MRI based anatomical models of the human head have been reported in many articles
Three dimensional brain MRI T1 data processing Figure 1 shows an in vivo MRI T1 image of human brain with five layers that assigned as scalp, skull, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), gray matter and white matter, respectively
The 92 two-dimensional slices were used from head top to down and the three-dimensional images were reconstructed of both structures
Summary
Monte Carlo simulations of light propagation in full segmented three-dimensional MRI based anatomical models of the human head have been reported in many articles. We offer an approach for brain modeling based on image segmentation process with in vivo MRI T1 three-dimensional image to investigate the individualized calibration for NIRS measurement with Monte Carlo simulation. The NIRS technique provides information about the slow signal (i.e., hemoglobin response) and fast signal (i.e., neuronal activation) [1,2,3,4,5]. This optical method permitted several benefits as non-invasive, less expensive, non-ionizing radiation imaging, real-time measurement, compact implementation, long time monitoring and easy operation with high time resolution and adequate spatial resolution for continuously recording oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin changes of brain. The simulation approach is important for characterization of photon migration in human brain with various source-detector separations to provide helpful information for individualized design of NIRS system [8,9,10]
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