Abstract
BackgroundBy 2035, it is expected that older adults (aged 65 years and older) will outnumber children and will represent 78 million people in the US population. As the aging population continues to grow, it is critical to reduce disparities in their representation in medical research.ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe sociodemographic characteristics and health and information behaviors as factors that influence US adults’ interest in engaging in medical research, beyond participation as study subjects.MethodsNationally representative cross-sectional data from the 2014 Health Information National Trends Survey (N=3677) were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess predictors of one’s interest in patient engagement in medical research. The independent variables included age, general health, income, race and ethnicity, education level, insurance status, marital status, and health information behaviors.ResultsWe examined the association between the independent variables and patient interest in engaging in medical research (PTEngage_Interested). Patient interest in engaging in medical research has a statistically significant association with age (adjusted P<.01). Younger adults (aged 18-34 years), lower middle-aged adults (aged 35-49 years), and higher middle-aged adults (aged 50-64 years) indicated interest at relatively the same frequency (29.08%, 29.56%, and 25.12%, respectively), but older adults (aged ≥65 years) expressed less interest (17.10%) than the other age groups. After the multivariate model was run, older adults (odds ratio 0.738, 95% CI 0.500-1.088) were found to be significantly less likely to be interested in engaging in medical research than adults aged 50 to 64 years. Regardless of age, the strongest correlation was found between interest in engaging in medical research and actively looking for health information (P<.001). Respondents who did not seek health information were significantly less likely than those who did seek health information to be interested in engaging in medical research.ConclusionsPatients’ interest in engaging in medical research vary by age and information-seeking behaviors. As the aging population continues to grow, it is critical to reduce disparities in their representation in medical research. Interest in participatory research methods may reflect an opportunity for consumer health informatics technologies to improve the representation of older adults in future medical research.
Highlights
In the United States, the older population is growing as life expectancy increases, and the baby boomers, those born in post-World War II America, reach age 65 years and beyond [1]
This study reports the prevalence of patients’ interest in engaging in medical research using data collected from the 2014 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS)
The key finding from our analyses was that the association of age with interest in engaging in medical research remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders
Summary
In the United States, the older population is growing as life expectancy increases, and the baby boomers, those born in post-World War II America, reach age 65 years and beyond [1]. In the United States, 80% of people aged 65 years and older suffer from multiple chronic conditions [6]. Compared with their younger counterparts, older people have increased rates of comorbidities and complications [5,7]. By 2035, it is expected that older adults (aged 65 years and older) will outnumber children and will represent 78 million people in the US population. Interest in participatory research methods may reflect an opportunity for consumer health informatics technologies to improve the representation of older adults in future medical research
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