Abstract
PurposeTo describe the characteristics and potential differences between focal and diffuse phenotypes of untreated chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC).MethodsFor this study, patients were divided in two groups. Focal leakage was defined as 1 “hot spot” of leakage, whereas diffuse leakage was defined as either > 1 hot spot or a larger area of widespread leakage on FA. Clinical characteristics were assessed at presentation. After Bonferroni correction, P values < 0.00125 were deemed statistically significant.ResultsThe focal leakage group included 68 eyes (53 males), and the diffuse leakage group included 105 eyes (88 males). Mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 77.1 ± 8.1 Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters in the focal group and 76.0 ± 9.6 ETDRS letters in the diffuse group (p = 0.440). In the focal group, mean age was 46.9 ± 8.8 years, whereas this was 49.7 ± 8.3 years in the diffuse group (p = 0.033). Mean central foveal thickness was 107.1 ± 21.3 μm in the focal group and 106.2 ± 27.3 μm in the diffuse group (p = 0.818). Mean choroidal thickness was 407.5 ± 114.8 μm in the focal group and 419.1 ± 113.9 μm in the diffuse group (p = 0.578). In the focal group, subretinal fluid was present in the fellow eye in 16% of the patients, as compared to 29% in the diffuse group (p = 0.067).ConclusionsIn untreated cCSC patients with focal or diffuse leakage on FA, no marked differences in clinical characteristics were found. Extensive choroidal abnormalities may be present in both groups, which are presumed to lie at the basis of the development of cCSC.
Highlights
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a chorioretinal disease characterized by an accumulation of subretinal fluid (SRF)that often affects the macula [1,2,3]
The aim of this study is to describe the variety in abnormalities on fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in the affected and fellow eye, to assess whether FA and ICGA abnormalities are comparable, and to compare clinical characteristics when dividing patients in groups based on focal or diffuse leakage on FA
CCSC patients were divided into two categories, based on early-phase FA abnormalities: focal leakage was defined as a maximum of one hot spot of leakage, whereas the diffuse leakage group comprised patients with either multiple hot spots of leakage or a larger area of leakage
Summary
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a chorioretinal disease characterized by an accumulation of subretinal fluid (SRF)that often affects the macula [1,2,3]. SRF accumulation in CSC is the result of fluid leakage through a disrupted outer blood-retina barrier of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), while the underlying choroidal dysfunction seems to be a pivotal and probably primary abnormality in the pathogenesis of CSC. Both fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) are valuable imaging techniques in the diagnosis, assessment of the disease activity and extent, as well as informing treatment choices in CSC [6,7,8,9]. The aim of this study is to describe the variety in abnormalities on FA and ICGA in the affected and fellow eye, to assess whether FA and ICGA abnormalities are comparable, and to compare clinical characteristics when dividing patients in groups based on focal or diffuse leakage on FA
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