Patient-Centered Care for Patients with Depression or Anxiety Disorder: An Integrative Review.

Lara Guedes De Pinho,Tânia Correia,Artur Mendes,Helena Reis Do Arco,Maria Do Céu Marques,César Fonseca,Manuel José Lopes,Francisco Sampaio

doi:10.3390/jpm11080776

Abstract

People have specific and unique individual and contextual characteristics, so healthcare should increasingly opt for person-centered care models. Thus, this review aimed to identify and synthesize the indicators for the care process of the person with depression and/or anxiety disorders, based on patient-centered care, going through the stages of diagnostic assessment and care planning, including intervention. An integrative literature review with research in seven scientific databases and a narrative analysis were carried out. Twenty articles were included, with indicators for diagnostic evaluation and care/intervention planning being extracted. Care planning focused on people with depression and/or anxiety disorder must be individualized, dynamic, flexible, andparticipatory. It must respond to the specific needs of the person, contemplating the identification of problems, the establishment of individual objectives, shared decision making, information and education, systematic feedback, and case management, and it should meet the patient’s preferences and satisfaction with care and involve the family and therapeutic management in care. The existence of comorbidities reinforces the importance of flexible and individualized care planning in order to respond to the specific health conditions of each person.

Highlights

IntroductionIt must ensure that patient values guide all clinical decisions [1]
In 2001, the final report of Institute of Medicine’s Quality of Health Care in America recommended that in order to improve the quality of healthcare, these should be safe, effective, person-centered, timely, efficient, and equitable [1]
What stands out most in the evidence found in this review is the importance of care being centered on the person, given the positive results that the studies obtained

Summary

Introduction

It must ensure that patient values guide all clinical decisions [1] In this context, it is clear that healthcare must be personalized and marked by shared decision making between patients and healthcare professionals. Shared decision making is demanding and can be time consuming, and it may be necessary to integrate the views of both generalists and experts. In these circumstances, the values, preferences, and needs of patients must be highly considered [2], because the patient is the central focus of the care process. Shared decision making must be the central principle of personcentered care, and health professionals should seek to look at the experience of healthcare through the eyes of their patient [4]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion