Abstract
Aim:This research was conducted to differentiate and characterize eight Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates collected from vaccinated chicken at commercial flocks in West Java, Indonesia, in 2011, 2014 and 2015 by pathotype specific primers.Materials and Methods:A total of eight NDV isolates collected from clinical outbreaks among commercial vaccinated flocks in West Java, Indonesia, in 2011, 2014, and 2015 were used in this study. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect and differentiate virulence of NDV strains, using three sets of primers targeting their M and F gene. First primers were universal primers to detect NDV targeting matrix (M) gene. Other two sets of primers were specific for the fusion (F) gene cleavage site sequence of virulent and avirulent NDV strains.Results:Our results showed that three isolates belong to NDV virulent strains, and other five isolates belong to NDV avirulent strains. The nucleotide sequence of the F protein cleavage site showed 112K/R-R-Q/R-K-R/G-F117 on NDV virulent strains and 112G-K/R-Q-G-R-L117 on NDV avirulent strain.Conclusion:Result from the current study suggested that NDV virulent strain were circulating among vaccinated chickens in West Java, Indonesia; this might possess a risk of causing ND outbreaks and causing economic losses within the poultry industry.
Highlights
Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious and fatal disease of poultry [1], due to the potential for devasting losses [2] and categorized in list A disease by the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) [3,4,5]
Our results showed that three isolates belong to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) virulent strains, and other five isolates belong to NDV avirulent strains
Result from the current study suggested that NDV virulent strain were circulating among vaccinated chickens in West Java, Indonesia; this might possess a risk of causing ND outbreaks and causing economic losses within the poultry industry
Summary
Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious and fatal disease of poultry [1], due to the potential for devasting losses [2] and categorized in list A disease by the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) [3,4,5]. NDV infection would lead to a broad range of clinical signs, such as asymptomatic enteric to systemic infection with up to 100% mortality [7]. Based on the severity of the disease in chickens, NDV is categorized into asymptomatic enteric (avirulence), lentogenic (low virulence), mesogenic (intermediate virulence), and velogenic (high virulence) pathotypes [6]. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated
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