Abstract

AbstractDry eye or dysfunctional tear syndrome is a highly prevalent disease worldwide. It is related to a pathological condition of anyone of the parts of the “ocular surface system” that involves the cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, accessory lacrimal glands, nasolacrimal duct and the lids with the meibomian glands. These are linked as a functional system by innervation, the endocrine and immune system. Endogenous or exogenous caused alterations in one or several components of the ocular surface system or its secretions result in changes of the tear film or ocular surface provoking inflammation. With time, inflammatory reactions may lead to corneal neuropathy compromising the reflex response of the lacrimal glands. Additionally a self‐perpetuating vicious circle with loss of function and damage can be initiated also by an immune‐modulated inflammation.

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