Abstract
Gastro-esophageal reflux disease is a persistent affliction of gastrointestinal tract upper part with the growing prevalence throughout the world. By the time there has been an increase in the cognizance of its pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management. The disease could be identified easily by the symptoms. Many of the risk components are involved in the occurrence of disease including medications, obesity, pregnancy and asthma. It can be diagnosed by a number of procedures like manometry, ambulatory pH monitoring , endoscopy and radiology. Although different drugs are being utilized to treat GERD but PPIs (Proton pump inhibitors) have shown remarkable achievement in the curing the disease. When proton pump inhibitors are utilized for the extended period several of the safety ways are being explored to avoid any side effect. There has been a debate over the use of long term medications and surgery for quite a long time. Although both surgery and long term usage of PPI’s have proven effective in managing the disease.
Highlights
IntroductionThere is decreased pressure in the lower sphincter as well as decreased peristalsis in distal esophagus resulting in reduced clearance of refluxed acid
GERD may result in esophagitis, barrette’s esophagus, esophageal cancer and adenocarcinoma
According to the Canadian Dyspepsia working group, if lifestyle modifications don’t work, antacids are recommended as the first line of treatment
Summary
There is decreased pressure in the lower sphincter as well as decreased peristalsis in distal esophagus resulting in reduced clearance of refluxed acid. Barium swallow radiograph is a painless procedure that is useful for evaluating patients with dysphagia where a patient swallows a barium solution and X-rays of esophagus are taken It is not a useful test in those patients who had GERD because the patients had little or no damage to the esophageal lining and not used in routine diagnosis. 7. Pharmacological therapy Symptoms are relieved in patients with mild form of GERD by utilization of over the counter medications such as anti- refluxants and antacids. Pharmacological therapy Symptoms are relieved in patients with mild form of GERD by utilization of over the counter medications such as anti- refluxants and antacids This combination of two therapies is more effective.
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