Abstract

Cerebral edema is an increase in brain water content causing expansion of cerebral tissue volume. There are two different entities of cerebral edema occurring alone or together. Formation of vasogenic brain edema requires breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, while cytotoxic edema forms by alterations of the permeability of cell membranes, and/or disturbances of active, energy-dependent transport. In primaryvasogenic edema, a secondary cytotoxic component is always observed, while conversely, secondary vasogenic edema is usually not found in primarycytotoxic edema. Ischemic brain edema may be an exception.

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