PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE BRONCHI AND LUNG PARANCHYMA IN RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME DEPENDING ON THE GESTATION TIME IN NEWBORNS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the type of pathomorphological alterations in the lung tissue and bronchial wall of neonates that, based on gestational age, died from different types of pneumopathy. The study uses materials from the corpses of 74 newborns who passed away from various forms of pneumopathy in the Samarkand region's perinatal center. The bodies of the newborns were autopsied and studied in the pathoanatomical department of the Samarkand regional multidisciplinary hospital. Based on the distinct nosological forms of pneumopathy in neonates and their respective periods of maturity, the following groups were identified from the material: 1) Primary lung atelectasis by gestation: 22–28 weeks, 29–31 weeks, and 32–37 weeks. 2) Hyaline membrane disease, contingent on infant survival. Third, pneumopathy with an edematous-hemorrhagic form of pathology, which is also dependent on the period of neonatal life. An autopsy examining the lungs of infants whose primary diagnosis was primary pulmonary atelectasis revealed macroscopically reduced volume, cyanotic, inactive lungs with pointed, flat edges that did not fill the pleural cavities to capacity. Conclusions: Thus, hyaline membrane disease and primary atelectasis are the predominant morphological forms of pneumopathy in premature newborns.