Pathomorphological and etiological characteristics of infectious liver injury and gastrointestinal tract in newborns

Abstract

Aim study . To study the etiology, nosological structure and pathomorphological changes in the liver and gastrointestinal tract in deceased newborns with perinatal infectious diseases. Materials and methods . In total, 48 protocols of pathological autopsy of the deceased newborns were studied in 2018 and 2019. Gender, age of newborns, maternal gestational age, post-mortem bacteriological studies, as well as macroand microscopic changes in the gastrointestinal tract and liver were evaluated. Results . Hepatitis and enterocolitis were part of generalized intrauterine infection and early neonatal sepsis — 19 cases each (39.6%), mainly in preterm infants (93.8%). Positive results of bacteriological studies of autopsy material were noted in 12% of cases. The most common causative agent in post-mortem bacteriological examination in early and late neonatal sepsis was Klebsiella pneumoniae . The main morphological manifestations of hepatitis in newborns were lobular hepatitis of various degrees of activity — 63.8%, as well as fetal giant cell hepatitis — 21.4%. Morphological changes in gastroenterocolitis were characterized mainly by the development of erosive-ulcerative enterocolitis (37.8%), productive enterocolitis (46.9%), less often serous-catarrhal, ulcerative-necrotic enterocolitis (6.25%).