Pathology of chest organs in the fetus: review of literature and own observations

Abstract

The article presents various nomological forms of malformations of the chest organs and their population frequency. The ultrasound and differential diagnostic features are described, such as cystic adenomatoid malformations of the lung, pulmonary sequestration, bronchogenic cyst and such rare diseases as congenital high-airway obstruction syndrome and bronchial atresia, pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary agenesis, mediastinal cystic lymphangioma. The timing of detection and accuracy of diagnosis of various malformations of the chest is reported. Data on the nature of concomitant abnormalities and chromosomal pathology are given. Considerable attention has been paid to resolving the issue of the advisability of maintaining or terminating a pregnancy, the most rational tactics of managing patients with this pathology, the timing and methods of delivery, as well as the selection of optimal methods for treating newborns in the postnatal period and the prognosis of their further development.