Abstract
The shortage of donors for transplantation therapy is a serious issue worldwide. Tissue engineering is considered a potential solution to this problem. Connection and perfusion in engineered tissues after transplantation is vital for the survival of the transplanted tissue, especially for tissues requiring blood perfusion to receive nutrients, such as the heart. A myocardial cell sheet containing an endothelial cell network structure was fabricated in vitro using cell sheet technology. Transplantation of the three-dimensional (3D) tissue by layering myocardial sheets could ameliorate ischemic heart disease in a rat model. The endothelial cell network in the 3D tissue was able to rapidly connect to host vasculature and begin perfusion within 24 h after transplantation. In this review, we compare and discuss the engineered tissue–host vasculature connection process between tissue engineered constructs with hydrogels and cell sheets by histological analysis. This review provides information that may be useful for further improvements of in vivo engineered tissue vascularization techniques.
Highlights
Organ transplantation is used as an effective alternative approach to treat diseases that do not respond to the usual therapies
Biodegradable scaffolds, extracellular matrix (ECM), and decellularized scaffolds have been utilized for engineering 3D tissues [15]
According to our pathological analysis, donor myocardial cell sheets including endothelial cell (EC) networks and potent pericytes could connect to host vasculature causing rapid donor tissue perfusion within 24 h after transplantation
Summary
Organ transplantation is used as an effective alternative approach to treat diseases that do not respond to the usual therapies. Blood perfusion starting time is closely associated with survival and treatment efficacy, even in engineered organs or tissues. Myocardial tissues, fabricated with myocardial cell sheets including endothelial cell (EC) network structures, require prompt perfusion after transplantation [6]. These tissues perfuse much more rapidly compared to other engineered tissues [7]. Utilizing the histological assessment of myocardial tissue engineered via cell sheet technology before and after transplantation, we can better understand how the connection process of host–donor vasculature in engineered tissues causes prompt. 2018, 19, 4102 better understand how the connection process of host–donor vasculature in engineered tissues causes prompt intheir vivo.rapid. The knowledge of the connecting process, which includes pericyte function, may be useful for connecting process, which includes pericyte function, may be useful for understanding vascularization, understanding which occurs in engineered tissue transplantation, which occurs in vascularization, engineered tissue transplantation, and wound healing and tumor but growth wound in vivo. healing and tumor growth in vivo
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