Pathogenesis and death cause of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage within postnatal 24h

Abstract

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis and death cause of neonatal pulmonary hem orrhage (NPH) within postnatal 24 h and speculate their relation to fetal pulmonary hemorrhage. Methods To select the 114 cases of NPH within postnatal 24 h confirmed by pathological examination. According to the pathologic and clinic diagnosis materials, the pathogenesis and death cause of NPH within postnatal 24 h and their relation to fetal pulmonary hemorrhage were analyzed. Results Of the 114 cases with NPH,there were 6 cases of petechial pulmonary hemorrhage,60 cases of focal pulmonary hemorrhage and 48 cases of diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage. The discovery time of NPH were 28 cases at 0～6 h ,71 cases at 7～12 h and 15 cases at 13～24 h after birth. The pathogenesis in 114 cases of NPH could be divided into identical 2 major factors: 110 cases of the oxygen deficient factor consisting of amniotic fluid aspiration pneumonia( 62 cases) .hyaline membrane disease(24 cases) .complexity cyanotic congenital heart disease(7 cases),congenital pulmonary a-genesis(7 cases),neonatal asphyxia (7 cases),intracranial hemorrhage(2 cases) and hypoxic ischemic en-cephalopathy(1 cases) .respectively. Four cases were due to infection including sepsis which was caused by intrauterine infection. The death causes in 114 cases of NPH included hypoxia (113 cases) which consisted of pulmonary hemorrhage (74 cases) .amniotic fluid aspiration pneumonia(15 cases) .hyaline membrane dis-ease(12 cases),complexity cyanotic congenital heart disease(7 cases),congenital pulmonary agenesis(2 ca-ses) ,intracranial hemorrhage(2 cases) .neonatal asphyxia (1 cases) .and infectious factor(1 case) of sepsis which was caused by intrauterine infection. In 114 cases,82 cases had fetal distress,74 cases died from NPH directly including 3 cases with fetal distress died within a few minutes after birth. Conclusion Oxygen defi-cient is an important factor in pathogenesis and death cause of NPH within postnatal 24 h. The majority of ca-ses have the fetal distress and died from NPH directly in short time. Because of 3 cases NPH died within a few minutes after birth, therefore we conjecture that the most cases of NPH within postnatal 24 h may be a ex-tension of fetal pulmonary hemorrhage. Key words: Infant, newbom; Fetus; Pulmonary hemorrhage; Pathogenesis; Death cause