Abstract
Functional outcome of anorectal malformations has been recognized as a significant prognostic factor of affecting patient's quality-of-life. Some children are complicated with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). The causes of LUTD include spinal dysraphism, sacral agenesis, iatrogenic injuries, congenital dysplasia of pelvic floor and postoperative bowel dysfunction. Identifying the underlying causes of LUTD is the prerequisite of early diagnosis and treatment. However, lacking standardized preoperative screening examinations, postoperative follow-ups and quantitative urodynamic evaluations of lower urinary tract function leads to controversial managements. An earlier standardization of diagnosis and treatment may delay further aggravation of lower urinary tract function. Key words: Urodynamics; Congenital ano-rectal malformation; Lower urinary tract dysfunction
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