Path Analysis on Factors Affecting Long-Term Contraceptive Use: Application of Health Belief Model

Abstract

Background: There are many different types of contraception available in Indonesia. Long-term contraceptive method (LTCM) is a contraceptive that lasts for a long time. LTCM is convenient, cost-effective, and reliable. This study aimed to examine factors af­fecting long-term contraceptive use using health belief model and path analysis mo­del. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Sleman, Central Java, from March to April 2019. A sample of 220 women of reproductive age was se­lec­ted by quota sampling. The dependent variable was LTCM use. The independent va­ri­ables were perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit, cues to ac­tion, self efficacy, education, and culture. The data were collected by questionnaire and ana­ly­zed by path analysis run on Stata 13. Results: LTCM was directly and positively affected by perceived severity (b= 3.46; 95% CI= 0.76 to 2.76; p= 0.001), perceived susceptibility (b= 3.94; 95% CI= 1.07 to 3.20; p<0.001), perceived benefit (b= 2.99; 95% CI= 0.50 to 2.40; p= 0.003), cues to action (b= 3.36; 95% CI= 0.86 to 2.89; p<0.001), self efficacy (b= 2.09; 95% CI= 0.06 to 1.99; p= 0.037), education (b= 3.53; 95% CI= 0.79 to 2.77; p<0.001), and culture (b= 3.40; 95% CI= 0.74 to 2.76; p= 0.001). It was indirectly affected by education through perceived benefit, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and cues to action. Conclusion: LTCM is directly and positively affected by perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit, cues to action, self efficacy, education, and culture. It is indirectly affected by education through perceived benefit, perceived severity, per­cei­ved susceptibility, and cues to action. Keywords: family planning, long term contraceptive, health belief model, path ana­lysis