Abstract
We investigated the effects of paternal characteristics, including age, body mass index (BMI), and semen parameters on chromosomal aberration-related miscarriages in couples that underwent treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis showed chromosomal aberrations in 60.2% (557/925) of miscarried fetuses, including trisomy in 73.1% (407/557) of cases. There were higher chromosomal aberration rates in fetuses for men aged 20-24 years and ≥30 years compared with controls. After adjusting for age and BMI of the female partners, and the BMI and semen parameters of the males, there was no statistically significant effect of paternal age ≥30 years on the risk of chromosomal aberrations-related miscarriages. However, the odds of chromosomal abnormality-related miscarriage were 148% higher for the youngest fathers (age: 20-24 years) than fathers aged 25-29 years [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-5.96; P=0.042]. Furthermore, high male BMI (adjusted OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.14-2.14; P=0.005) and low semen volume (adjusted OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.06-4.11; P=0.034) were associated with increased risk of chromosomal aberration-related miscarriages. These findings demonstrate that very young paternal age, high BMI, and low semen volume are associated with increased risk of chromosomal aberration-related miscarriages in couples undergoing ART treatment.
Highlights
Infertility affects 10-15% of couples globally [1], with paternal factors accounting for nearly 50% of infertility cases [2]
Despite the effect we www.aging-us.com detected of male partners aged 30 years or older increasing the rate and relative risk of chromosomal aberrations-related miscarriages, none of these findings were found to be statistically significant once adjusting for covariates known to affect karyotypes in fetuses
After adjustment, the risk of abnormal karyotypes in miscarried fetuses was higher for the youngest male partner group aged 20-24 years compared to male partners aged 25-29 years
Summary
Infertility affects 10-15% of couples globally [1], with paternal factors accounting for nearly 50% of infertility cases [2]. Spontaneous pregnancy loss after ART can result in physical and psychological trauma, and significant economic losses. Previous studies show that 50% of the pregnancy losses are because of embryonic chromosomal abnormalities [3]. The knowledge of risk factors that contribute to miscarriages because of chromosomal aberrations is vital to prevent spontaneous pregnancy losses after ART. Previous studies show that chromosome abnormalities in the fetuses or embryos significantly increase with maternal age [4]. There is limited data regarding paternal characteristics that cause miscarriage because of chromosomal aberrations
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