Abstract
Cerebrovascular thromboembolism is responsible annually for 510.000 ischaemic stroke in the united states alone. PFO mechanism as a paradoxical embolism transit from right to left-sided chambers to intracranial vessels has a tremendous impact in neurological deficits. The aggressive treatment started since 2016 when the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the Amplatzer PFO occluder for recurrent stroke prevention of cryptogenic stroke with PFO. The trials show positive results since 2017 and the collaboration and partnership between neurologist and cardiologist are more needed to build a holistic and comprehensive treatment for cryptogenic stroke patient with PFO.
Highlights
Ischaemic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world
Ischaemic stroke aetiologies are classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification
Since 2017, studies have shown significant treatment of patent foramen ovale closure in criptogenic stroke which has implying paradoxical embolism as the mechanism of this stroke in this group of sub-types. This means that a management of team work between neurologist and cardiologist will improve the beneficial treatment for preventing recurrent of ischaemic stroke.[4]
Summary
Ischaemic stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. AAnother group of sub-types of ischaemic stroke is ASCOD This classification system offers objective criteria for Atherosclerosis/atherothrombosis, Small vessel disease, Cardioembolic stroke, Other causes such as criptogenic stroke, and Dissection.[4]. Since 2017, studies have shown significant treatment of patent foramen ovale closure in criptogenic stroke which has implying paradoxical embolism as the mechanism of this stroke in this group of sub-types. This means that a management of team work between neurologist and cardiologist will improve the beneficial treatment for preventing recurrent of ischaemic stroke.[4]. MES appears randomly within the cardiac cycle and produces a” whistling”, “chirping” or “clicking” sound when passing through the sample volume.[12]
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