Abstract
Patent foramen ovale is strongly associated with cryptogenic stroke. Variousclinical trials has shown the association between cryptogenic stroke andincidence of undelrying patent foramen ovale, these trials also shown thedecrease of cryptogenic stroke incidence with the treatment of patentforamen ovale Lesion. In the absence of absolute contraindications, patientswith patent foramen ovale are advised to undergo closure. Preproceduralexaminations such as trans esophageal echocardiography and pretreatmentwith anticoagulants are required to prevent peri and postprocedural adverseevents. Currently, patent foramen ovale Closure can be done through apercutaneous access with minimal risk. Treatment of patent foramen ovalecan help decrease future incidences of strokes
Highlights
Patent foramen ovale is being thought to be one of the factors causing cryptogenic stroke and about 40% patient cryptogenic stroke has patent foramen ovale.[1]
Long-term follow-up trials examining the effectiveness of devices for the prevention of an event, the risk of which is low at baseline and cumulative over time was well demonstrated by the RESPECT
When patients came with a cryptogenic stroke, age under 60 years old & have an indication for patent foramen ovale closure, it is recommended to have a team who systematically review & make a decision for the patent foramen ovale closure procedure as seen in picture 1, which consist of multidisciplinary specialist doctors
Summary
Patent foramen ovale is being thought to be one of the factors causing cryptogenic stroke and about 40% patient cryptogenic stroke has patent foramen ovale.[1] It takes centuries & there are numerous lessons to be learned from the patent foramen ovale history until an effective treatment. Julius Cohnheim one of Virchow’s students, in 1877 described a paradoxical embolism through the patent foramen ovale. Starting in the 1900s the closure of patent foramen ovale was considered as one of the effective therapies. Blakemore in 1939 & Murray in 1948 did the first surgical patent foramen ovale closures. In 1992, the first percutaneous patent foramen ovale closures were conducted by Lockin 36 patients with known right-to-left atrial shunting and presumed paradoxical emboli.[2,3]
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