Abstract
This study investigated the technological developments in the shale petroleum industry by analyzing patent data using a network of technological indices. The technological developments were promoted by the beginning of the shale industry, and after the first five years, it showed a more complex development pattern with the convergence of critical technologies. This paper described progress in the shale petroleum technologies as changes in relatedness networks of technological components. The relatedness represents degree of convergence between technological components, and betweenness centrality of network represents priority of technological components. In the results, the progress of the critical technologies such as directional drilling, increasing permeability, and smart systems, were actively carried out from 2012 to 2016. Especially, unconverged technology of increasing permeability and the converged technology of directional drilling and smart system has been intensively developed. Some technological components of the critical technologies are more significant in the form of converged technology.
Highlights
Unconventional petroleum has gathered great interest in recent times, especially with growing concerns over the depletion of conventional petroleum sources
This study describes the development of technologies of directional drilling (DD) and increasing permeability (IP), which are core technologies of the shale industry, in terms of convergence with smart systems (SS)
This study investigated the development of technologies of shale petroleum by analyzing patent data
Summary
Unconventional petroleum has gathered great interest in recent times, especially with growing concerns over the depletion of conventional petroleum sources. In the US, unconventional petroleum, such as shale oil and tight gas, has seen an increase in production amounts as energy resources. In 2018, these production amounts reached 70 and 60%, respectively [1] This economical production of shale petroleum (shale gas and tight oil) can be considered as an achievement of technological advancement in shale petroleum. Producing unconventional petroleum in tight formation requires a method that makes the formation permeable by connecting the production well with the reservoir. This study describes the development of technologies of directional drilling (DD) and increasing permeability (IP), which are core technologies of the shale industry, in terms of convergence with smart systems (SS) This is considering that the shale industry’s technological developments were focused on productivity improvement. Shah et al [14] who found that productivity improvement was achieved through reinforcing in the shale industry
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