Abstract
Musculoskeletal modeling has found wide application in joint biomechanics investigations. This technique has been improved by incorporating subject-specific skeletal elements and passive patellofemoral stabilizers in a dynamic analysis. After trochlear engagement, the volunteers' patellae displaced laterally, whereas tilt was subject specific. Comparison of the tilt and mediolateral position values to in vivo MRI values at 30° knee flexion showed a mean accuracy of 84.4% and 96.9%, respectively. Medial patellofemoral ligament tension decreased with knee flexion, while the patellar tendon–quadriceps tendon ratio ranged from 0.4 to 1.2. The patellofemoral contact load–quadriceps tendon load ratio ranged from 0.7 to 1.3, whereas the mediolateral load component–resultant load ratio ranged from 0 to 0.4. Three validated subject-specific musculoskeletal models facilitated the analysis of patellofemoral biomechanics: Subject-specific patella tracking and passive stabilizer response was analyzed as a function of dynamic knee flexion.
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