Abstract
Pasteurella species are infrequent but potentially severe causes of bloodstream infection (BSI). The objective of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of Pasteurella species BSI in a large Australian population. Retrospective, laboratory-based surveillance was conducted in Queensland, Australia (population ≈ 5 million) during 2000–2019, and clinical and outcome information was established by linkage to state hospital admissions and vital statistics databases. During more than 86 million person-years of surveillance, 272 incident Pasteurella species BSI occurred for an overall age- and sex-standardized annual incidence of 3.3 per million residents. The incidence of Pasteurella species BSI was highest in recent years and older individuals were at greatest risk. The median (interquartile range) Charlson Comorbidity Index was 2 (0–4) with scores of zero, 1, 2, and 3 + observed in 81 (30%), 37 (14%), 44 (16%), and 110 (40%) of cases. The 30-day all-cause case fatality was 9% (24/272) and patients who died had more comorbidities and were less likely to have community-associated disease. Although Pasteurella species are infrequent causes of BSI, older individuals and those with comorbidities are at highest risk. The burden of this disease may be expected to increase with an aging and more comorbid population.
Highlights
Pasteurella species, most commonly P. multocida, are infrequent but often serious causes of bloodstream infections (BSIs) [1]
During 86 million person-years of surveillance, 272 incident Pasteurella species BSI occurred among 263 individuals for an age- and sex-standardized incidence of 3.3 per million residents per year
We report the incidence of Pasteurella species BSI and observe secular trends over a prolonged period in a large Australian population
Summary
Pasteurella species, most commonly P. multocida, are infrequent but often serious causes of bloodstream infections (BSIs) [1]. These organisms colonize the upper aerodigestive tract of a range of wild and domestic animals, Knowledge surrounding the occurrence and determinants of an infectious disease is important to establish its burden of illness and define its natural history [3]. The body of literature investigating the epidemiology of Pasteurella species BSI is based on small case reports and series [2, 4–8]. The objective of this study was to define the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of Pasteurella species BSI in a large population-based cohort in Australia. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
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