Abstract
Passive surveillance system was designed with the data (102,613 case records) collected from the Government Veterinary Hospitals, Bangladesh and frequency distribution of diseases was calculated during July 2010 to June 2013. Frequently occurring diseases/ disease conditions reported in livestock were fascioliasis (10.66%), diarrhoea (7.92%), mastitis (7.42%), foot and mouth disease (6.42%), parasitic gastroenteritis (6.31%), coccidiosis (5.5%), Peste des petits ruminants (PPR,5.32%), anthrax (4.19%) and black quarter (3.74%). Diarrhoea and coccidiosis were reported to occur throughout the year. The frequency of fascioliasis appeared higher in buffaloes (34%) followed by sheep (22%), goats (13%) and cattle (11%). PPR is a deadly infectious disease of goats and sheep, accounted for 20% and 13% infectivity in respective species. In chicken the most frequently occurring diseases reported were Newcastle disease (28%), fowl cholera (19%) and coccidiosis (11%). In ducks, duck viral enteritis (28%), duck viral hepatitis (17%), diarrhoea (15%), coccidiosis (10%) and intestinal helminthiasis (10%) were the commonest diseases reported in Bangladesh. Few other endemic diseases of livestock and poultry like Tuberculosis, brucellosis, avian influenza, duck anatipestifer, Marek’s disease, Gumboro disease, avian tuberculosis, mycoplasmosis, dermatophilosis etc. were not included in the hospital data sheet. Financial hurdles persist in a country like Bangladesh, imposing difficulties onto the surveillance and early reporting of the disease outbreaks; these diseases are, therefore, stubbornly prevalent. Development of technological and knowledgeable man power, in time surveillance and early warning of disease outbreak are the key to protect animal and public health and produce safe food of animal origin.SAARC J. Agri., 16(1): 129-144 (2018)
Highlights
Diseases of livestock and poultry are the main hurdles of profitable animal agriculture in Bangladesh
Brucellosis (Dey et al, 2013) and Tuberculosis in dairy cattle (Hossain et al, 2015), Leishmaniasis in goats (Labony et al, 2014) and canids (Khan et al, 2012) and avian influenza in chickens (Bari et al, 2009) and ducks (Ruba et al, 2015) were endemic in Bangladesh and extremely zoonotic, these diseases were not included in the hospital data sheet
The important reasons why veterinary authorities undertake surveillance activities can be summarized into four general purposes; 1.Finding cases of new disease, 2
Summary
Diseases of livestock and poultry are the main hurdles of profitable animal agriculture in Bangladesh. Infectious, non-infectious, emerging, parasitic and zoonotic diseases of livestock and poultry are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, restricted international trade of meat, milk, eggs, bone, fishes and feed of animal origin, condemnation of carcasses during slaughter and costs of their management. Sustainable and profitable livestock and poultry management requires independent state veterinary services and, modern surveillance technologies in order for quick and confirmatory detection of the diseases at early onset and designing control strategy. The State Veterinary Services, Veterinary Faculties and Public Health Department are the wings for designing routine surveillance. The filed veterinarians and public health officers in the third world country including Bangladesh lack innovative ideas/ techniques of diseases surveillance and are not regularly soliciting modern surveillance information
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