Abstract
Deployments of seismic stations in Antarctica are an ambitious project to improve the spatial resolution of the Antarctic Plate and surrounding regions. Several international programs had been conducted in wide area of the Antarctic continent during the International Polar Year (IPY 2007-2008). The “Antarctica’s GAmburtsev Province (AGAP)”, the “GAmburtsev Mountain SEISmic experiment (GAMSEIS)” as a part of AGAP, and the “Polar Earth Observing Network (POLENET)” were major contributions to the IPY. The AGAP/GAMSEIS was an internationally coordinated deployments of more than few tens of broadband seismographs over the wide area of East Antarctica. Detailed information on crustal thickness and mantle structure provides key constraints on an origin of the Gamburtsev Mountains; and more broad structure and evolution of the East Antarctic craton and sub-glacial environment. From POLENET data obtained, local and regional signals associated with ice movements were recorded together with a significant number of teleseismic events. Moreover, seismic deployments have been carried out in the Lützow-Holm Bay (LHB), East Antarctica, by Japanese activities. The recorded teleseismic and local events are of sufficient quality to image the structure and dynamics of the crust and mantle, such as the studies by receiver functions suggesting a heterogeneous upper mantle. In addition to studies on the shallow part of the Earth, we place emphasis on these seismic deployments’ ability to image the Earth’s deep interior, as viewed from Antarctica, as a large aperture array in the southern high latitude.
Highlights
Existing permanent stations of the Federation of Digital Seismographic Network (FDSN) allow resolution of the structure beneath Antarctica at a horizontal scale of ~1000 km, which is sufficient to detect fundamental differences in the lithosphere between East and West Antarctica, but not to clearly define the structure within each sector
The seismic instrumentation utilized for GAmburtsev Mountain SEISmic experiment (GAMSEIS) and Polar Earth Observing Network (POLENET) were provided by the Program for Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere (PASSCAL) of the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS)
Outside the Antarctica’s GAmburtsev Province (AGAP)/GAMSEIS deployed area along the continental margins of East Antarctica, several seismic stations have been deployed in Lützow-Holm Bay (LHB) (Figure 2)
Summary
Existing permanent stations of the Federation of Digital Seismographic Network (FDSN) allow resolution of the structure beneath Antarctica at a horizontal scale of ~1000 km, which is sufficient to detect fundamental differences in the lithosphere between East and West Antarctica, but not to clearly define the structure within each sector. Targeting the vast central region of East Antarctica, the AGAP/GAMSEIS was an internationally coordinated deployment of few tens of broadband seismographs over the crest of the Gambursev Subglacial Mountains (GSM, around Dome-A), Dome-C and Dome-F area [5]. Field operations during the IPY mainly by JARE activities from the Lützow-Holm Bay (LHB) to the inland plateau area are summarized and the significance to study the Earth’s interior as well as the local seismicity is demonstrated. In addition to reviewing the seismological approaches for the shallow part of the Earth, we put weights on the Earth’s deep interiors, as viewed from Antarctic continent as a large aperture of seismic arrays in southern high latitude
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