Abstract
The measured concentrations of inorganic pollutants, such as ozone (2015–2018), sulfur, and nitrogen oxides (2012–2018) at air monitoring sites in the south of Eastern Siberia were sampled, following the passive sampling method, and analyzed. The spatial inhomogeneity of atmospheric gas concentrations is presented. The ozone concentration is lower in urban areas than those in rural areas and the background level. However, the nitrogen and sulfur oxide concentrations are higher in the atmosphere over the city site. The seasonal dependence of the ozone concentration was determined using its maximum (March–April) and minimum (September–October) levels. The dynamics of the nitrogen and sulfur oxide concentrations indicate that they are at their highest in December–June and their lowest in July–August. To verify the validity of the pollutant concentration measurements sampled by passive sampling, we compared our results with those obtained following the automatic and filter pack methods. A linear regression analysis and a pairwise modification of Student’s t test evaluated the concentrations of the air pollutant, sampled and measured using different methods, and they correlate well (r = 0.7–0.9). Full validation of the passive sampling method is not possible for some sites; therefore it is necessary to remove the remaining systematic errors in future work.
Highlights
Great attention is being devoted to the quality of atmospheric air worldwide, which is mainly estimated according to the rate of trace gas pollutant concentrations
Most attention is being devoted to studies in the Baikal Natural Territory (BNT), which is located in the south of Eastern Siberia, and includes Lake Baikal
It is found that photochemical generation involving nitrogen oxides (NOx) under the action of solar radiation largely contributes to the tropospheric ozone budget [32,33,34], and serves as a secondary pollutant [35,36]
Summary
Great attention is being devoted to the quality of atmospheric air worldwide, which is mainly estimated according to the rate of trace gas pollutant concentrations. These trace gases include ozone (O3 ) [1,2], nitrogen oxides (NOx ), and sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) [3,4], and they adversely affect human health, the respiratory system, as well as the Earth’s flora [5]. Thanks to the large freshwater reservoir, the unique flora and fauna (60 per cent of the species are endemic) and the variety of the natural landscapes of the coastal area, Baikal is included in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage List and the Acid Deposition Monitoring. It is vital that the water, air and surrounding area of
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