Abstract
The development of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in arid climates is hindered primarily by high temperatures, which adversely affect system performance and lifespan. This manuscript presents a comprehensive approach to address this challenge by developing an analytical model for predicting the temperature of PV panels under a passive cooling system specifically designed for arid environments. The analytical model takes into account the crucial relationship between solar panel temperature and its conversion efficiency. By applying Kirchhoff's and Ohm's laws for a complex circuit, the model accurately calculates the heat flux within the solar panel system, allowing for the determination of temperatures for each layer in the system. The study deduces closed-form analytical expressions that describe the temperature, output power, and conversion efficiency of the solar panel as functions of various factors, including solar irradiance, ambient temperature, emissivity, wind velocity, tilt angle, and dimensions of fins. These expressions provide valuable insights into the thermal behaviour of the system and enable the evaluation of its performance under different environmental conditions.
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