Abstract
AbstractKnowledge of flow pattern and water age distributions in service reservoirs is of the utmost importance for ensuring water quality supplied to the customers. In this article, a balancing reservoir was first investigated as a benchmark case. Using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method coupled with dynamic meshes, the flow pattern and water age distributions in the reservoir were simulated under actual service conditions. The calculated flow pattern indicated the migration and evolution of flow recirculation regions in the reservoir, which would lead to nonuniform lateral and vertical distributions of the water age, and therefore residual chlorine concentration. A passive flow control method, by adjusting the original circular nozzles to elliptical nozzles, was explored to enhance the water quality. It was found that using elliptical nozzles could assist fluid mixing in the reservoir. The water in the modified reservoir with elliptical nozzles had 5% lower age values than those of the origin...
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