Passenger Evacuation Path Planning in Subway Station Under Multiple Fires Based on Multiobjective Robust Optimization

Abstract

The optimization of passenger evacuation path in subway station under emergencies directly affects the evacuation efficiency. Aiming at the evacuation scenario of passengers in subway station under multiple fires, a path planning method based on multi-objective robust optimization is established in this paper. The shortest total evacuation time, the minimum total risk and the minimum total congestion cost are taken as the objectives where the robustness of travel time and risk is also considered. NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve the model, the optimal Pareto solution under a certain robust control parameter is obtained according to the principle of minimizing the total cost function, and the overall optimization degree of route is obtained by using the evaluation index. Taking Qingdao May 4th Square subway station of China as a verification example, a fire diffusion model is built by using Pyrosim, and a passenger evacuation system is built by using Pathfinder. The multi-objective robust path optimization model of passenger evacuation is applied to the built passenger evacuation system under fires. The simulation results show that the overall optimization degree of route can reach 12.8%, when the time and risk robust control parameters are 30 and 30, respectively. The method can be used to guide the passenger evacuation in subway stations under multiple hazard sources and improve the safety index of passenger travel.