Abstract
Resumo: A “humanização” da assistência ao parto vem se difundindo no Brasil nas últimas décadas, tendo se disseminado principalmente nas camadas médias urbanas. Através de sua incorporação ao sistema público de saúde, a proposta foi estendida também a mulheres de camadas populares, o que vem colocando alguns desafios e gerado questionamentos, sobretudo ao formato que tem assumido a assistência “humanizada” nas instituições públicas. A partir da análise de duas situações vivenciadas por mulheres de diferentes classes sociais (uma no setor público e outra no privado), o artigo busca refletir acerca das noções de parto “natural” e de parto “humanizado”, apontando como se configuram, em cada um desses contextos, diferentes percepções sobre “humanização” e, em decorrência, também sobre o que seria seu oposto: a “violência obstétrica”.
Highlights
The “humanization” proposal in childbirth care has gained ground in recent decades in Brazil, mainly in the urban middle-classes, a segment in which C-sections reached the alarming level of 85% in 2016
Through its incorporation into the public health system1, the proposal has been extended to women from the lower classes. This new reality has presented some new challenges and posed questions on the format that “humanized” care has taken in public institutions, as per studies by Carmen Susana Tornquist (2003), Sara Mendonça (2014), Rebeca de Cássia Daneluci (2016), and Rosamaria Carneiro (2017), among others
This scenario has enabled a privileged reflection on the different perceptions of childbirth and the identification of the difficulties and obstacles that can accompany proposals for “humanization”, especially when they involve a transposition or replication of formats and models of one social universe to another, without considering differentiated institutional and social realities
Summary
The “humanization” proposal in childbirth care has gained ground in recent decades in Brazil, mainly in the urban middle-classes, a segment in which C-sections reached the alarming level of 85% in 2016. This article proposes a reflection on the “humanized” childbirth experience of women from different social classes.
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