Abstract
Continuous ambient noise data were recorded during April and May 2016, using a four-element vertical array deployed near the continental shelf break south of Martha’s Vineyard. A technique for classifying and partitioning ambient noise using the vertical noise coherence function is proposed. Time series analysis of the noise power spectrum reveals the presence wind, distant shipping, and near-field individual ship noise in the region. The noise coherence (directionality) due to wind, distant shipping, and individual ships is analytically modeled using environmental inputs such as the time varying sound speed profile and sediment properties from the measurement site, and compared with the observation. The impact of noise due to ship traffic in the region is estimated by subtracting the best-fit theoretical coherence for wind-generated noise from the measurement. Since the wind generated vertical coherence is stable and independent of source spectrum level, it can be used to quantify the relative contributions of distant shipping and wind noise to the marine environment. Additionally, the time varying vertical coherence from near-field individual ships can be used for estimating their range and speed. [Research supported by ONR.]
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