Abstract
The thermal efficiency of a simple steam turbine cycle remains around 40%–42%, while current environmental policy requests a further increase in the efficiency so as to reduce CO2 emission from steam power plant. The large temperature difference in the heat transfer in boiler furnace interferes with a further increase in thermal efficiency. Then by substituting gas turbine (GT) into high-temperature zone, that is, GT–steam turbine (ST) combined cycle, the thermal efficiency has increased to around 60% at the current stage. Power generation systems are slightly different depending on fuels, such as gas, petroleum, and coal. Gas, for example, LNG, and high-quality petroleum, for example, light oil, are directly combustible in a GT, while coal and low-quality petroleum, for example, heavy oil, need gasification process with gasification furnace-related facilities. This chapter describes fundamentals of GT–ST combined cycle, and also advanced combined cycle plant with coal, that is, pressurized fluidized-bed combustion combined cycle (PFBC) and integrated coal-gasification combined cycle (IGCC).
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